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Fig. 5 | Annals of Forest Science

Fig. 5

From: European beech, silver fir, and Norway spruce differ in establishment, height growth, and mortality rates on coarse woody debris and forest floor—a study from a mixed beech forest in the Western Carpathians

Fig. 5

The height growth of beech, fir, and spruce on CWD and on forest floor (all individuals damaged or browsed were excluded). Lines represent average heights, boxes standard errors, and whiskers minimal and maximal values. The results of Mann-Whitney test for differences between seedling heights on both microsites: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ns not significant, nc insufficient sample of seedlings to conduct the test

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Annals of Forest Science

ISSN: 1297-966X