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Fig. 1 | Annals of Forest Science

Fig. 1

From: Adaptation of Abies fargesii var. faxoniana (Rehder et E.H. Wilson) Tang S Liu seedlings to high altitude in a subalpine forest in southwestern China with special reference to phloem and xylem traits

Fig. 1

Conceptual model of phloem and xylem transport and the traits that affect the transport. Blue arrows show negative effects, and red arrows show positive effects on transport. Reductions in xylem tensions, as caused by most adaptations to soil drying by freezing, facilitate the phloem transport because phloem transport occurs against the hydrostatic pressure gradient, while xylem transport is with the hydrostatic gradient. Trees at the treeline require large functional xylem and phloem areas to compensate for the low water transport ability of xylem and high phloem sap viscosity at the treeline

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Annals of Forest Science

ISSN: 1297-966X