Table 6 Results of multiple regression of productivity stability for all subplots pooled together (a) and for each intensity level separately (b–e). Estimates in models with ΔAICc less than 2 from the top model were averaged. Standardized regression coefficients for each predictor (β), standard error (std. error), z test (z value) and significance level (P) are given

(a) All

 Species richness

0.176

0.088

2.136

0.029*

 Species asynchrony

0.303

0.126

3.097

0.010**

 Growth dominance coefficient

0.498

0.131

4.365

 < 0.001***

 Standing biomass after harvest

0.593

0.204

4.997

 < 0.001***

 Quadratic mean diameter

0.135

0.035

2.031

0.028*

 Aboveground biomass productivity

 − 0.008

0.005

0.886

0.212

 Harvesting intensity

0.297

0.144

1.632

0.046*

(b) HI0

 Species richness

0.231

0.099

2.892

0.004**

 Species asynchrony

0.577

0.245

3.658

 < 0.001***

 Growth dominance coefficient

0.368

0.152

2.357

0.030*

 Standing biomass after harvest

0.115

0.153

0.557

0.674

(c) HI1

 Species richness

0.257

0.083

2.961

0.004**

 Species asynchrony

0.411

0.136

4.763

0.001**

 Growth dominance coefficient

0.429

0.100

3.369

0.008**

 Standing biomass after harvest

0.190

0.048

1.303

0.049*

(d) HI2

 Species richness

0.104

0.052

0.303

0.854

 Species asynchrony

0.212

0.138

0.693

0.438

 Growth dominance coefficient

0.475

0.130

3.962

0.005**

 Standing biomass after harvest

0.772

0.230

4.843

 < 0.001***

 Quadratic mean diameter

0.205

0.073

2.320

0.053

(e) HI3

 Species richness

 − 0.051

0.008

0.297

0.803

 Species asynchrony

0.177

0.151

0.508

0.505

 Growth dominance coefficient

0.602

0.204

3.809

 < 0.001***

 Standing biomass after harvest

0.856

0.301

6.984

 < 0.001***

 Quadratic mean diameter

0.386

0.055

5.837

 < 0.001***