Acorn removal and seedling age determine oak (Quercus ilex L. and Q. suber L.) restoration outcome in ungulate-dominated Mediterranean environments

Peláez, Marta; Carranza, Guillermo; Gambra-Caravantes, Daniel; Rodríguez-Calcerrada, Jesús; González-Gordaliza, Guillermo; Fedriani, José Maria; Gil, Luis; Perea, Ramón

doi:10.1186/s13595-024-01249-4

Annals of Forest Science

Table 5 Least squares mean comparison of leaf biochemical traits between seedlings with and without acorn, at different months, and for each plant age (1- or 2-year-old; yr, year)

From: Acorn removal and seedling age determine oak (Quercus ilex L. and Q. suber L.) restoration outcome in ungulate-dominated Mediterranean environments

Site	Biochemical traits	Age	Month	Estimate—contrast (Acorn vs. No Acorn)	SE	df	t ratio	P value
Cabañeros (inside the fence)	Chl	1 yr	Feb	−0.253	0.392	6	−0.646	1
			Mar	−0.54	0.392	6	−1.378	0.994
			Apr	−0.64	0.392	6	−1.634	0.972
			May	−0.593	0.392	6	−1.514	0.985
			Jun	−1.211	0.392	6	−3.091	0.464
			Jul	−1.454	0.392	6	−3.713	0.277
			Aug	−0.778	0.392	6	−1.986	0.897
		2 yr	Feb	0.638	0.392	6	1.629	0.973
			Mar	0.351	0.392	6	0.897	1
			Apr	0.251	0.392	6	0.64	1
			May	0.298	0.392	6	0.761	1
			Jun	−0.32	0.392	6	−0.817	1
			Jul	−0.563	0.392	6	−1.438	0.991
			Aug	0.113	0.392	6	0.288	1
Cabañeros (inside the fence)	NBI	1 yr	Feb	−0.1	0.269	6	−0.374	1
			Mar	−0.268	0.269	6	−0.996	1
			Apr	−0.361	0.269	6	−1.342	0.995
			May	−0.299	0.269	6	−1.112	0.999
			Jun	−0.813	0.269	6	−3.026	0.489
			Jul	−0.91	0.269	6	−3.388	0.365
			Aug	−0.475	0.269	6	−1.767	0.95
		2 yr	Feb	0.44	0.269	6	1.637	0.972
			Mar	0.273	0.269	6	1.015	1
			Apr	0.18	0.269	6	0.669	1
			May	0.242	0.269	6	0.899	1
			Jun	−0.273	0.269	6	−1.015	1
			Jul	−0.37	0.269	6	−1.377	0.994
			Aug	0.066	0.269	6	0.244	1
Cabañeros (inside the fence)	Anth	1 yr	Feb	0.003	0.008	6	0.386	1
			Mar	0.006	0.008	6	0.77	1
			Apr	0.006	0.008	6	0.715	1
			May	0.003	0.008	6	0.419	1
			Jun	0.004	0.008	6	0.556	1
			Jul	0.021	0.008	6	2.689	0.624
			Aug	0.013	0.008	6	1.573	0.98
		2 yr	Feb	−0.005	0.008	6	−0.571	1
			Mar	−0.001	0.008	6	−0.186	1
			Apr	−0.002	0.008	6	−0.241	1
			May	−0.004	0.008	6	−0.538	1
			Jun	−0.003	0.008	6	−0.4	1
			Jul	0.014	0.008	6	1.732	0.957
			Aug	0.005	0.008	6	0.617	1
Cabañeros (inside the fence)	Flav	1 yr	Feb	−0.001	0.01	6	−0.065	1
			Mar	−0.002	0.01	6	−0.189	1
			Apr	0	0.01	6	0.015	1
			May	−0.002	0.01	6	−0.162	1
			Jun	−0.002	0.01	6	−0.237	1
			Jul	0.023	0.01	6	2.339	0.771
			Aug	0	0.01	6	−0.003	1
		2 yr	Feb	−0.005	0.01	6	−0.465	1
			Mar	−0.006	0.01	6	−0.59	1
			Apr	−0.004	0.01	6	−0.385	1
			May	−0.006	0.01	6	−0.562	1
			Jun	−0.006	0.01	6	−0.637	1
			Jul	0.019	0.01	6	1.939	0.91
			Aug	−0.004	0.01	6	−0.403	1
Cabañeros (outside the fence)	Chl	1 yr	Feb	0.172	0.244	6	0.706	1
			Mar	0.102	0.244	6	0.419	1
			Apr	0.018	0.244	6	0.072	1
			May	0	0.244	6	0.002	1
			Jun	−0.132	0.244	6	−0.541	1
			Aug	−0.79	0.244	6	−3.243	0.411
		2 yr	Feb	0.257	0.244	6	1.056	1
			Mar	0.462	0.244	6	1.895	0.922
			Apr	0.392	0.244	6	1.608	0.976
			May	0.307	0.244	6	1.261	0.998
			Jun	0.29	0.244	6	1.191	0.999
			Aug	0.158	0.244	6	0.648	1
Cabañeros (outside the fence)	NBI	1 yr	Feb	−0.501	0.244	6	−2.054	0.876
			Mar	0.547	0.244	6	2.245	0.808
			Apr	0.16	0.181	6	0.88	1
			May	0.094	0.181	6	0.52	1
			Jun	−0.027	0.181	6	−0.15	1
			Aug	−0.022	0.181	6	−0.119	1
		2 yr	Feb	−0.235	0.181	6	−1.297	0.997
			Mar	−0.524	0.181	6	−2.889	0.542
			Apr	0.194	0.181	6	1.071	1
			May	0.332	0.181	6	1.832	0.937
			Jun	0.267	0.181	6	1.472	0.989
			Aug	0.145	0.181	6	0.802	1
Cabañeros (outside the fence)	Anth	1 yr	Feb	0.151	0.181	6	0.833	1
			Mar	−0.063	0.181	6	−0.345	1
			Apr	−0.351	0.181	6	−1.937	0.911
			May	0.367	0.181	6	2.023	0.885
			Jun	0.003	0.004	6	0.579	1
			Aug	0	0.004	6	0.048	1
		2 yr	Feb	0	0.004	6	−0.002	1
			Mar	0.001	0.004	6	0.245	1
			Apr	−0.002	0.004	6	−0.49	1
			May	0.014	0.004	6	3.12	0.454
			Jun	0.012	0.004	6	2.735	0.605
			Aug	−0.005	0.004	6	−1.196	0.999
Cabañeros (outside the fence)	Flav	1 yr	Feb	−0.008	0.004	6	−1.726	0.958
			Mar	−0.008	0.004	6	−1.776	0.949
			Apr	−0.007	0.004	6	−1.529	0.984
			May	−0.01	0.004	6	−2.264	0.8
			Jun	0.006	0.004	6	1.345	0.995
			Aug	0.004	0.004	6	0.961	1
		2 yr	Feb	−0.003	0.008	6	−0.38	1
			Mar	0.001	0.008	6	0.091	1
			Apr	0.005	0.008	6	0.592	1
			May	0.002	0.008	6	0.31	1
			Jun	0.014	0.008	6	1.788	0.946
			Aug	0.02	0.008	6	2.61	0.657

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