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Table 5 Root mean square error (%RMSE) values of multivariate Gaussian process regression (MGPR) predictions of species-specific tree volumes. The Pearson correlation coefficient between predicted and observed values is presented in parenthesis after the RMSE values. RGB indicates that red–green–blue data were used, and MS indicates that multispectral data were used, in addition to structural features. The %RMSE values are calculated using the average predicted value from 10-fold cross-validation iterated 100 times for each plot. Values in bold indicate the lowest prediction error for that sensor configuration and tree species

From: Band configurations and seasonality influence the predictions of common boreal tree species using UAS image data

 

Bands

Spring

Summer

Autumn

Pine

RGB

61.80 (0.48)

50.82 (0.68)

53.65 (0.62)

MS

60.90 (0.53)

49.88 (0.68)

52.52 (0.63)

Spruce

RGB

59.85 (0.81)

57.34 (0.82)

45.18 (0.89)

MS

56.41 (0.85)

52.33 (0.86)

43.79 (0.90)

Broadleaved

RGB

41.31 (0.73)

40.99 (0.72)

33.51 (0.83)

MS

38.73 (0.80)

30.85 (0.86)

34.41 (0.82)

Total

RGB

26.58 (0.93)

25.05 (0.94)

23.07 (0.95)

MS

26.60 (0.93)

25.01 (0.94)

23.45 (0.95)