Fig. 1

Percentage of total germination (white columns) and T₀ or number of days that passed until the beginning of germination (black dots) (mean + sd) for H − (seeds not exposed to heat shock) and H + (seeds exposed to heat shock). The seeds previously exposed or not to heat shock were left to germinate under five different treatments Con: control; ↑Lit: high load of litter; ↓Lit: low load of litter; ↑Ash: high load of ash; ↓Ash: low load of ash. The letters indicate significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) according to Bonferroni’s post hoc pairwise comparison. H −  ≠ H + indicates that total germination was significantly lower in the seeds not exposed to heat shock compared to those that were