Table 1 Biological attribute, grouping, purity and amounts (μg) of synthetic compounds used in field traps. Synthetic blends with compounds (designed ABCDE, BCDE, ACDE, ABDE, ABCE, ABCD) were formulated in 2 mL heptane and released during 48-h experiments. Heptane was used as a control. The released rates were calculated based on the total evaporation and concentration of compounds in solution over 48-h. Abbr = abbreviation
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Synthetic blends (μg/2 mL; w/v) | Released rate, pg/s | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biological attribute (origin) | Group | Compounds | Abbr | Cas number | Purity % | Full (ABCDE) | BCDE | ACDE | ABDE | ABCE | ABCD | Control | |
Compounds produced by the bark beetle I. typographus | A | 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol | MB | 115–18–4 |  ≥ 97% | 2890 | – | 2890 | 2890 | 2890 | 2890 | – | 70 |
(–)-cis-verbenol | cV | 18881–04–4 |  ≥ 95% | 480 | – | 480 | 480 | 480 | 480 | – | 115 | ||
( +)-trans-verbenol | tV | 473–67–6 | 50% | 6 393 | – | 6 393 | 6 393 | 6 393 | 6 393 | – | 155 | ||
(–)-myrtenol | Mt | 19894–97–4 |  ≥ 99% | 2 473 | – | 2 473 | 2 473 | 2 473 | 2 473 | – | 60 | ||
( ±)-ipsdienol | Id | 35628–00–3 |  ≥ 90% | 782 | – | 782 | 782 | 782 | 782 | – | 20 | ||
Compounds primarily produced by bark beetle associated microorganisms | B | ( ±)-camphor | Camp | 76–22–2 |  ≥ 95% | 3 333 | 3 333 | – | 3 333 | 3 333 | 3 333 | – | 80 |
(–)-terpinen-4-ol | (–)-T4ol | 20126–76–5 |  ≥ 95% | 2 518 | 2 518 | – | 2 518 | 2 518 | 2 518 | – | 60 | ||
( +)-terpinen-4-ol | ( +)-T4ol | 2438–10–0 |  ≥ 98,5% | 2 518 | 2 518 | – | 2 518 | 2 518 | 2 518 |  | 60 | ||
(–)-borneol | (–)-Bor | 507–70–0 |  ≥ 97% | 1 017 | 1 017 | – | 1 017 | 1 017 | 1 017 | – | 25 | ||
( +)-borneol | ( +)-Bor | 464–43–7 |  ≥ 97% | 1 017 | 1 017 | – | 1 017 | 1 017 | 1 017 |  | 25 | ||
C | (–)-myrtenal | Mtal | 57526–63–3 |  ≥ 98% | 1 236 | 1 236 | 1 236 | – | 1 236 | 1 236 | – | 30 | |
(–)-verbenone | Vn | 1196–01–6 |  ≥ 99% | 1 573 | 1 573 | 1 573 | – | 1 573 | 1 573 | – | 40 | ||
α-terpineol | αT | 10482–56–1 |  ≥ 98% | 14 401 | 14 401 | 14 401 | – | 14 401 | 14 401 | – | 350 | ||
geranyl acetone | GA | 3796–70–1 |  ≥ 98% | 1 623 | 1 623 | 1 623 | – | 1 623 | 1 623 | – | 40 | ||
Compounds produced by host spruce tree (Picea abies L.) | D | ( ±)-α-pinene | αP | 80–56–8 |  ≥ 98% | 137 280 | 137 280 | 137 280 | 137 280 | – | 137 280 | – | 33 100 |
(–)-β-pinene | βP | 18172–67–3 |  ≥ 99% | 138 464 | 138 464 | 138 464 | 138 464 | – | 138 464 | – | 33 400 | ||
camphene | Cam | 79–92–5 |  ≥ 95% | 7 578 | 7 578 | 7 578 | 7 578 | – | 7 578 | – | 1 625 | ||
terpinolene | Terp | 586–62–9 |  ≥ 90% | 5 166 | 5 166 | 5 166 | 5 166 | – | 5 166 | – | 1 250 | ||
E | α-terpinene | αTerp | 99–86–5 |  ≥ 94% | 5 259 | 5 259 | 5 259 | 5 259 | 5 259 | – | – | 125 | |
γ-terpinene | γT | 99–85–4 |  ≥ 98.5% | 3 928 | 3 928 | 3 928 | 3 928 | 3 928 | – | – | 95 | ||
(–)-limonene | (–)-Lim | 5989–54–8 |  ≥ 92% | 10 093 | 10 093 | 10 093 | 10 093 | 10 093 | – | – | 2 435 | ||
( +)-limonene | ( +)-Lim | 5989–27–5 |  ≥ 98% | 10 093 | 10 093 | 10 093 | 10 093 | 10 093 | – | – | 2 435 | ||