Behavioral responses of predatory flies of the genus Medetera Fischer von Waldheim (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) and the tree-killing beetle Ips typographus L. (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) to odor compound blends

Sousa, Maria; Andersson, Artur; Englund, Jan-Eric; Flöhr, Adam; Pollet, Marc; Karlsson Green, Kristina; Birgersson, Göran; Becher, Paul G.

doi:10.1186/s13595-024-01261-8

Annals of Forest Science

Table 4 Calculations of the amounts of compounds used in experiment 1 and 2

From: Behavioral responses of predatory flies of the genus Medetera Fischer von Waldheim (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) and the tree-killing beetle Ips typographus L. (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) to odor compound blends

	Step 1			Step 2				Step 3			Step 4
	ng release per hour	ng release during 24 hours	µg release during 24 hours	Ideal standard bait as µg per 24h	Density	Ideal standard bait as µL per 24h	Ideal standard bait as µL per 48h	mL solvent in stock batch	ng/µL	µg/µL in stock batch	IDEAL µg/ 48h	µL in 2mL C₇	µg in 1mL bait = µg/48h	µg in 2mL bait= µg/48h
2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol	6 020	144 479	144	145	0.824	175	351	1.65	144 479	144.5	290	20	1 445	2 890
(–)-cis-verbenol	10 075	241 793	242	240	solid	242mg	484mg	1.52	24 000	24.0	480	20	240	480
(+)-trans-verbenol	13 319	319 650	320	320	1.000	320	639	1.36	319 650	319.7	640	20	3 197	6 393
(–)-myrtenol	5 152	123 638	124	125	0.954	130	259	1.74	123 638	123.6	250	20	1 236	2 473
ipsdienol	1 630	39 111	39	40	0.900	43	87	1.91	39 111	39.1	80	20	391	782
camphor	6 943	166 638	167	165	0.992	168	336	1.66	166 638	166.6	330	20	1 666	3 333
terpinen-4-ol	10 491	251 782	252	250	0.933	270	540	1.46	251 782	251.8	500	20	2 518	5 036
myrtenal	2 575	61 790	62	60	0.988	63	125	1.87	61 790	61.8	120	20	618	1 236
borneol	4 237	101 686	102	100	1.011	101	201	1.80	101 686	101.7	200	20	1 017	2 034
(–)-verbenone	3 278	78 669	79	80	0.975	81	161	1.84	78 669	78.7	160	20	787	1 573
α-terpineol	30 002	720 045	720	720	0.934	771	1542	0.46	720 045	720.0	1 440	20	7 200	14 401
geranyl acetone	3 381	81 146	81	80	0.873	93	186	1.81	81 146	81.1	160	20	811	1 623
(±)-α-pinene	2 829 706	67 912 946	67 913	68 000	0.858	79 153	neat	none	858 000	858	136 000	160	68 640	137 280
(–)-β-pinene	2 848 245	68 357 874	68 358	68 000	0.865	78 990	neat	none	865 400	865	136 000	160	69 232	138 464
camphene	150 019	3 600 457	3 600	3 600	0.842	4 276	neat	none	842 000	842	7 200	9	3 789	7 578
terpinolene	109 142	2 619 400	2 619	2 620	0.861	3 042	neat	none	861 000	861	5 240	6	2 583	5 166
α-terpinene	10 957	262 970	263	265	0.837	314	628	1.37	262 970	263.0	530	20	2 630	5 259
g-terpinene	8 183	196 392	196	200	0.850	231	462	1.54	196 392	196.4	400	20	1 964	3 928
(±)-limonene	413 344	9 920 268	9 920	10 000	0.841	11 794	neat	none	841 100	841	20 000	24	10 093	20 186

Step 1: Amounts of compounds found to be released from living Norway spruce trees infested with the bark beetle Ips typographus; Step 2: Based on Step1 the ideal amount of each compound in µL to be released over 48h from a standard bait was determined; Step 3: 2 mL stock batch of each compound was prepared in heptane (solvent); Step 4: In volumes of 2 mL of heptane, we then formulated synthetic blends of the compounds from each stock batch

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ISSN: 1297-966X

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